Oral Presentation 12th Australasian Virology Society Meeting 2024

Ferret Precision-Cut Lung Slices: Development of a High-throughput ex-vivo model to Study Influenza Virus Infection (#39)

Ashwin Muraleetharan 1 , Harry Stannard 1 2 , Brad Gilbertson 2 , Daniel Tan 3 , Alastair Stewart 3 , Kanta Subbarao 2 , Jessica Neil 2 , Saira Hussain 1 2
  1. WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Melbourne, VICTORIA, Australia
  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  3. Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Influenza viruses which are rapidly evolving constantly pose a pandemic threat, necessitating further understanding of virus-host interactions and the development of treatments in biologically relevant models. Cell culture models fail to capture the complex cellular environment of the lung. Animal models are costly and low throughput which are characteristics unsuited for a pandemic scenario. Herein, we describe a model using precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) from naïve ferret lungs as a high-throughput ex vivo screening method. Ferrets show similar respiratory tract physiology to humans making them the gold standard small-animal model for influenza infection. This method generates thousands of small, uniform slices from a single ferret lung that each retain the structure, cellular composition, and mechanical properties of the lung. Slicing methods and section thickness was optimised to demonstrate reproducibility for virus infection. Contemporary seasonal influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses, B/Victoria-lineage viruses and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of clade 2.3.4 and 2.3.4.4 all replicated well in slices of the proximal and distal regions of different lung lobes. Infectious virus titres measured from freshly made PCLS were similar to titres obtained from PCLS maintained for 15 days, demonstrating the slices longevity and utility for serially passaging studies. We also tested efficacy of licensed antivirals against a A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, demonstrating a dose-dependent reduction in virus titre. Given that the best clinical outcomes for influenza are correlated with protection in the lung, ferret PCLS offer an opportunity to assess virus infectivity and antiviral efficacy in a system that is high throughput while still capturing the complexity of the lung environment.